IV. Terms relating to the teaching and learning process

64. teaching and learning methods: any means employed by a teacher to facilitate the transmission of knowledge and skills, and by the learner to acquire them. The compound term is used in preference to the simple term ‘teaching methods’ which implies a one-way input into the educational process, because it is a more accurate expression of the fact that learning is inseparable from teaching.

F	méthodes d’enseignement et d’apprentissage
S	métodos de enseñanza y de aprendizaje
R

65. problem-solving approach: a teaching and learning method whereby a topic is presented in terms of a problem to be solved, with all the necessary means and information at the student’s disposal. In this approach the role of the teacher is to guide the learner to discover solutions for himself rather than to provide a ready-made answer.

F	méthode active
S	método basado en la solución de problemas
R

66. self-education: educational methods through which the learner acquires knowledge and skills on his own without the intervention of the teacher.

F	auto-instruction
S	autoinstrucción
R

67. programmed instruction: one self-education method whereby the student, alone and at his own pace, works through material (on tape, film or in print), containing previously constructed sequences which lead him step by step to the desired goal through a specified set of responses. The programmed courses are arranged in such a way that each sequence must be mastered before the student may proceed to the next one.

F	enseignement programme
S	instrucción programada
R

68. teaching and learning materials: all materials used in the teaching and learning process to aid in the transmission or acquisition of knowledge and skills. In addition to audio-visual material employed in all types of education, technical and vocational education uses teaching and learning materials such as tools, machines, scale models, prototypes, raw materials (wood, metals), and all equipment with which students work in laboratories and workshops.

F	matériels d’enseignement et d’apprentissage
S	materiales de enseñanza y de aprendizaje
R

69. teaching aids: the equipment used by a teacher in a lecture, presentation or demonstration. The term covers, for example, blackboards, graphics, slides, films, all types of projectors and demonstration models, etc.

F	auxiliaires pédagogiques
S	material auxiliar de enseñanza
R

70. educational technology: the methods and results of technology applied to solving problems arising in the teaching and learning process. As a result of educational technology Nos. 71 and 72, among others, have been developed.

F	technologie éducative
S	tecnología educacional
R

71. multi-media systems: organized utilization of teaching and learning materials combining two or more vehicles of communication, for example, a work-book in printed form, a cassette tape and slides.

F	systèmes multi-média
S	sistema de medios múltiples
R

72. computer-assisted instruction: the teaching and learning method by which a computer, with terminals to which students have access, is used as a teaching machine to dispense programmed instruction. The computer may be one of the components in ‘multi-media systems’.

F	enseignement assisté par ordinateur
S	instrucción dirigida por computadora
R

73. workshop: the area in an educational institution where tools and machines are located and which is designed for teaching and learning the practical skills required in a programme of technical and vocational education.

F	atelier
S	taller
R

74. mobile unit: a mobile workshop, generally one or serveral specially equipped trucks, which may easily reach various educational institutions or centres which are not equipped with the necessary facilities for practical instruction.

F	unité mobile
S	unidad móvil
R

75. centralized workshop: a centrally located workshop serving students from several educational institutions.

F	atelier centralisé
S	taller centralizado
R

76. educational achievement: the extent to which an individual has met educational standards set for any level and any type of education.

F	résultats scolaires
S	aprovechamiento
R

An equivalent term is:

76.1 educational performance

F	-
S	rendimiento de la educación
R